Mu Rwanda, umurage ndangamuco urinzwe ku rwego rw’igihugu si igicumbi cy’amateka gusa, ahubwo ni isoko y’imibereho myiza n’iterambere ku bawuturiye. Aho hantu hatoranyijwe, hari ibimenyetso by’umuco, amateka n’ibyaranze ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda kuva hambere, hakaba harashyizweho amategeko n’amabwiriza ahamya akamaro ko kuwurinda no kuwubyaza umusaruro.
Ibyo byose bihurizwa mu Iteka rya Minisitiri Nº 001/MINUBUMWE/24 ryo ku wa 08 Gashyantare 2024, ryatangajwe mu Igazeti ya Leta idasanzwe, ryashyize ahagaragara urutonde rw’ahantu 20 hafite agaciro gakomeye mu bijyanye n’umuco n’amateka y’Abanyarwanda. Aho hantu hihariye hagiye mu turere 13 turimo: Gasabo, Nyarugenge, Kicukiro, Bugesera, Gatsibo, Kirehe, Gicumbi, Karongi, Ngororero, Musanze, Nyamagabe, Nyamasheke na Nyanza.
Ese abaturiye uwo murage barawumenya?
Nubwo ayo mategeko yashyizweho, ikibazo kiracyagaragara: Ese abaturage batuye hafi y’ayo hantu bazi ubusobanuro bw’umurage urinzwe? Bazi inyungu ushobora kubavamo? Abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze baramutse bagize umurage ndangamuco umwe mu mihigo yabo ya buri mwaka, haba hatangiye urugendo rwo guhindura amagambo akavamo ibikorwa.
Kubungabunga umurage ndangamuco ntibigomba kugarukira mu nzu ndangamurage zonyine cyangwa ku bantu bize iby’umuco. Ni ikibazo cy’ubukungu, imirimo, ubukerarugendo, uburezi n’uburere. Uko abaturage bawusobanukiwe, ni ko bawugiraho uruhare, bakawufata nk’ahantu habafitiye akamaro.
Inshingano z’uturere n’icyo twakunguka
Amategeko ashyiraho inshingano ku bayobozi b’uturere aho uwo murage uherereye: gucunga umutekano w’aho hantu, kuwubungabunga, kuwuteza imbere, no gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo byorohereza abahasura. Itegeko No 28/2016 ryo ku wa 22 Nyakanga 2016 naryo ribishyira mu murongo, rikagaragaza ko umurage ndangamuco ugomba kwitabwaho nk’uko byakunze gukorwa ku murage kamere (nk’amashyamba n’amapariki).
Mu by’ukuri, nk’uko abaturiye pariki nyafurika zisurwa basaranganywa 10% by’amafaranga zinjije, ni nako umurage ndangamuco nawo ushobora kuba isoko y’inyungu zifatika ku bawuturiye. Aramutse ushyizwemo ingufu, wazana imirimo n’amafaranga, bikagabanya ubushomeri, bikanazamura ubukungu bw’akarere n’igihugu muri rusange.
Guhuza amategeko n’ubumenyi rusange
Kuva ku Iteka ryashyizweho mu 1939, u Rwanda rwarushijeho gukura mu buryo bwo kwita ku murage. Politiki y’igihugu y’umurage ndangamuco yo mu 2015 n’amategeko ayikurikira yashyize umurongo usobanutse. Ariko ibyo ntibigomba kuguma mu nyandiko, bigomba kwinjira mu buzima bw’abaturage: bikigishwa mu mashuri, bigahinduka ibibazo byo kwiga no gukemura mu nzego zose.
Umurage nk’umutungo ushobora kubyara byinshi
Ibihugu byinshi muri Afurika byatangiye gukoresha umurage ndangamuco nk’umusingi w’ubukungu, binyuze mu bufatanye hagati ya Leta n’abikorera. U Rwanda rushobora gutera iyo ntambwe, rugashyira imbere umurage nk’umutungo ushobora guteza imbere imibereho y’Abanyarwanda, binyuze mu bukerarugendo, imyuga, ubushakashatsi n’uburezi.
Niba hakomeza kubaho kudasobanukirwa, umutungo wahekuye amateka, umuco n’ubwenge gakondo by’Abanyarwanda uzakomeza kuryama aho, aho gukorera abawuturiye n’abanyarwanda bose.
