Mu gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zitegura gusuzuma itegeko rya African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) mbere y’uko rihabwa ubusugire muri Nzeri 2025, u Rwanda rwongeye kuba ku isonga mu bitekerezo mpuzamahanga kubera umwanzuro warwo uhamye ku byerekeye politiki y’ubucuruzi bw’imyenda; aho rwashyize imbaraga mu nganda z’imbere mu gihugu.
Mu kiganiro cyihariye yahaye Umusarenews, Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Prudence Sebahizi yavuze ko Politiki y’Inganda ihabwa agaciro kurusha amahirwe ava muri AGOA, agaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwiyemeza kubaka urwego rw’inganda z’imyenda rwihagije n’ubwo rukomeje guhagarikwa muri ayo masezerano y’ubucuruzi na Amerika.
AGOA ni itegeko ryatowe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu mwaka wa 2000, rigaha ibihugu byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara bihuye n’ibisabwa, uburenganzira bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa birenga 6,000 ku isoko rya Amerika nta misoro; ariko u Rwanda rwahagaritswe muri ayo masezerano mu 2018 nyuma yo gufata icyemezo cyo guhagarika itumizwa ry’imyenda yambawe izwi nka caguwa mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu.
Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Bwana Prudence Sebahizi, yavuze ko nubwo guhagarikwa muri AGOA byagabanyije amahirwe y’u Rwanda yo kohereza imyenda muri Amerika, byanabaye imbarutso yo kongerera imbaraga inganda zikora imyenda mu gihugu imbere.
Yagize ati “Guhagarikwa byagize ingaruka ku musaruro woherezwa hanze, ariko byanatumye abashoramari bongera kwizera inganda z’imyenda zo mu gihugu. Ubu turimo kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku myenda iva hanze, ahubwo tugateza imbere ibikorerwa iwacu.”
Kuva igihe icyemezo cyo guhagarika caguwa cyafatwa, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba nyinshi n’udushya dufasha urwego rw’inganda zikora imyenda, harimo imisoro ihanitse ku myenda yambawe, gusonerwa imisoro ku bikoresho bikenerwa muri izo nganda, ndetse n’itegeko rigenga amasoko ya Leta ryita ku bikorerwa mu gihugu.
Ibyo bimaze gutanga umusaruro, kuko mu mwaka wa 2015, imyenda yambawe yabarirwaga kuri 32% by’imyenda yose yinjizwaga mu Rwanda, mu 2021 biramanuka bigera kuri 7%.
Umusesenguzi mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Bukungu (EPRC), Aida Kibirige Nattabi, yemeza ko kuvana ku isoko imyenda yambawe byazamuye cyane inganda zikora imyenda imbere mu gihugu.
Ati “Kuva mu 2016 twabonye ukwiyongera kw’inganda zikora imyenda n’inkweto. Politiki ya Made-in-Rwanda hamwe n’udushya two gusonerwa imisoro no kubaka inganda byahaye icyizere ibikorerwa iwacu.”
Minisitiri Sebahizi avuga kandi ko ishoramari mu nganda zikora imyenda ryazamutse cyane binyuze muri gahunda ya Made in Rwanda, kuko ibyoherezwa hanze byavuye kuri miliyoni 3 z’amadolari mu 2016 bigera kuri miliyoni 12.1 mu 2023, n’ubwo ibyoherezwaga muri Amerika byagabanutse biva kuri $1.2M bigera kuri $172,000 kubera amabwiriza ya AGOA.
Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi n’inganda, Prudence Sebahizi, avuga ko kongera kwemera imyenda ya kabiri bizana amarushanwa adakwiye ku nganda z’imbere mu gihugu zikiri gutera intambwe; akanavuga ko Minisiteri ayoboye yagiye ikorana bya hafi n’abikorera, haba ab’imbere mu gihugu n’abanyamahanga mu kongerera ingufu izi nganda, binyuze mu biganiro hagati ya Leta n’abikorera, ndetse no gushyigikira uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona ibikoresho fatizo.
Mu rwego rwo gutuma impinduka ziba rusange, Umusesenguzi Kibirige asaba ko ibikorerwa mu Rwanda byaguka bigahuza n’amikoro n’ibyifuzo bitandukanye, cyane cyane by’urubyiruko.
Ati “Ubukangurambaga, kuzamura ireme n’imiterere y’imyenda, ndetse no gushyigikira ubudozi n’amahugurwa bizagira uruhare mu gutuma abaturage bizeye iby’iwacu kandi binatange imirimo mishya.”
Yakomeje avuga ko kandi urwego rw’imyenda mu Rwanda rwatangiye kwinjizwa muri gahunda za Leta zijyanye n’isoko, nko gutanga imyambaro y’ishuri kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo bo mu gihugu imbere; ariko nanone ko igiciro kigihangayikishije mu kongera isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu.
Ati “Ku baturage benshi, cyane cyane abadafite ubushobozi, imyenda yambawe yarabafashaga cyane. Iyo ivuyeho, igiciro cy’imyenda kiriyongera. Imyenda ikorerwa mu Rwanda iracyagorwa no guhangana mu giciro, ubuziranenge n’ubwiza, ari yo mpamvu imyenda mishya yinjizwa cyane, cyane cyane iva mu Bushinwa no muri UAE.”
Nk’uko imibare ya Trademap ibigaragaza, u Rwanda rwinjije imyenda mishya ifite agaciro ka miliyoni 20 z’amadolari mu 2023, akenshi iva muri Aziya no mu karere ruherereyemo; bityo gukomwa mu nkokora n’isoko rya Amerika byatumye ruhitamo kwagura ubufatanye n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa harimo isoko rusange rya Afurika (AfCFTA), Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, Ubushinwa ndetse n’ibihugu bigize EAC.
Kibirige yatanze urugero rwa Kenya nk’igihugu cyashoboye gukora imyenda y’ibirango mpuzamahanga nka Levi’s n’ubwo kikigira imyenda yambawe ku isoko.
Ati “U Rwanda narwo rushobora gukurikiza ubwo buryo, ruhanga imyenda ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ndetse rugatera imbere mu kwigira ku mico y’ibihugu nka Ghana na Nigeria byubakiye ku kwishimira imyenda yaho.”
Yasoje avuga ko u Rwanda ruri gukora byinshi kandi neza nko gushyiraho imisoro ku myenda yambawe, kugabanya imisoro ku bikoresho bikenerwa mu nganda, kubaka pariki z’inganda no gushyigikira ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse, gusa agasanga kugira ngo rugere aho rwifuza, hakenewe kongerwa imbaraga ku bijyanye n’igiciro, udushya, n’isoko mu karere.
Ni mu gihe n’ubwo ibyo byose bimaze kugerwaho, Minisitiri Sebahizi avuga ko Leta y’u Rwanda igifunguye amarembo y’ibiganiro n’Amerika ku bijyanye no kugarura inyungu za AGOA.
Ati “Twiteguye ibiganiro by’ubucuruzi n’ubufatanye n’Amerika, ariko politiki yacu ku myenda yambawe igamije kurinda uru rwego rukomeye ku bukungu bwacu.”
Yongeyeho ati “Kuvanaho imyenda yambawe izwi nka caguwa byazamuye inganda z’imbere mu gihugu, ariko tugomba no kugabanya ikinyuranyo cy’amikoro y’abaturage, no kuzamura ibyifuzo ku myenda y’iwacu kugira ngo impinduka zibe zirambye.”
Ni mu gihe umwanya u Rwanda ruhagazemo hagati yo guteza imbere inganda n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ushobora kuzagira uruhare ku cyerekezo cy’ubucuruzi muri Afurika; Minisitiri Sebahizi akavuga ko n’ubwo AGOA itanga amahirwe, ariko intego ya mbere y’u Rwanda ari ukubaka ubukungu bushobora kwihaza binyuze mu musaruro n’agaciro kongererwa ibikorerwa mu Rwanda.
