Mu 2021, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangije gahunda yo gusonera imisoro imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n’izikomatanya lisansi n’amashanyarazi (hybrid), hagamijwe kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no kugabanya amafaranga yoherezwa hanze agura lisansi. Iyi gahunda yatumye abanyarwanda benshi batangira kwitabira kugura imodoka za hybrid, ariko byagaragaye ko hari ibibazo byagiye bivuka, cyane cyane bijyanye n’ubuziranenge bw’izo modoka.
Imodoka za Hybrid kwiyongera kwazo n’imbogamizi?
Imibare itangwa n’Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA) igaragaza ko hagati ya 2020 na 2024, mu Rwanda hinjiye imodoka 7,172 z’amashanyarazi na hybrid, ariko muri zo, 6,660 (ni ukuvuga 92.8%) zari hybrid, mu gihe 512 gusa (7.2%) zari amashanyarazi gusa . Ibi byerekana ko abanyarwanda benshi bahisemo hybrid kubera ko zihendutse kurusha iz’amashanyarazi gusa.
Ariko, ikibazo cyagaragaye ni uko 45% by’izo hybrid zinjiye mu gihugu zari zimaze imyaka iri hagati ya 10 na 14 . Ibi bivuze ko batiri zazo zari zishaje, bityo ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi bukaba bwaragabanutse cyangwa bwarashize burundu, bigatuma izo modoka zongera gukoresha lisansi gusa, bityo ntibigere ku ntego yo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Impinduka mu mategeko y’imisoro
Mu rwego rwo gukemura iki kibazo, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yafashe icyemezo cyo kongera imisoro ku modoka za hybrid, cyane cyane izishaje. Izi mpinduka zizatangira gukurikizwa mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2025/2026:
- TVA ya 18% izongera gushyirwa ku modoka za hybrid, nyuma yo kuyikuraho mu 2021.
- Umusoro ufatirwa wa 5% uzajya ushyirwa ku modoka za hybrid.
- Umusoro w’akajagari (excise duty) uzajya ubarwa hashingiwe ku myaka imodoka imaze:
- Imodoka zitarengeje imyaka 3: 5%
- Imodoka ziri hagati y’imyaka 4 na 7: 10%
- Imodoka zifite imyaka irenze 8: 15% .
Izi mpinduka zigamije gushishikariza abantu kugura imodoka za hybrid nshya, zifite batiri zikora neza, ndetse no guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gusa, kuko zo zizakomeza gusonerwa imisoro yose.
Ingaruka ku bidukikije
Ikibazo cy’imodoka za hybrid zishaje ntikigarukira gusa ku mikorere yazo, ahubwo kireba no ku bidukikije. Batiri zishaje z’imodoka za hybrid zishobora kuba intandaro y’ihumana ry’ibidukikije, cyane cyane iyo zijugunywe nabi. Batiri nyinshi zikoreshwa muri izi modoka zirimo ibinyabutabire nka nikeli, manganize na kobaliti, bishobora kwangiza amazi n’ubutaka iyo bijugunywe mu buryo budakwiriye .
Icyerekezo cya Guverinoma: Gushyigikira imodoka z’amashanyarazi gusa
Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Yusuf Murangwa, yatangaje ko Guverinoma igamije guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gusa, kuko ari zo zifite uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Yavuze ko nubwo imodoka z’amashanyarazi zihenze ku ikubitiro, mu gihe gito zitanga inyungu nyinshi kuko amafaranga akoreshwa mu kuzitunga agabanuka cyane .
Nubwo gahunda yo gusonera imisoro imodoka za hybrid yatumye abanyarwanda benshi batangira kuzigura, byagaragaye ko kwinjiza izishaje bitageze ku ntego zifuzwa. Guverinoma yafashe ingamba zo kongera imisoro ku modoka za hybrid, cyane cyane izishaje, mu rwego rwo gushishikariza abantu kugura izifite ubuziranenge no guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gusa. Ibi bizafasha mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere ubwikorezi burambye mu Rwanda.
