By John Mugisha R

In recent years, Rwanda has witnessed a notable surge in reported cases of corruption and bribery—a trend that, surprisingly, officials view as a positive sign of progress. This increase reflects a growing community commitment to combat these crimes, aided by the assurance of protection for whistleblowers.

According to data from the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB), the number of corruption-related cases investigated climbed steadily from 1,874 in 2018 to 2,091 in 2019, reaching 2,312 in 2020. As of July 2021, RIB Director General Colonel (Rtd) Jeannot Ruhunga reported that 1,129 cases had already been addressed this year alone.

"This increase is encouraging," he stated in an interview, attributing it directly to citizens' active involvement in reporting suspicious activities, with many feelings secure as informants.

Rwanda's commitment to a zero-tolerance policy on corruption is underscored by recent legislative changes that empower the Office of the Ombudsman to expand wealth declaration requirements and impose stricter penalties on officials and political parties. Since 2019, the city of Kigali has even introduced incentives for whistleblowers, further motivating citizens to come forward.

While completely eradicating corruption remains a challenge, Colonel Ruhunga expressed optimism that the growing flow of information will significantly enhance efforts to tackle this issue. RIB investigators, equipped with well-trained personnel, are determined to pursue investigations without fear or favor.

Cases of corruption in Rwanda can be resolved through court proceedings or negotiated settlements, often leading to the recovery of stolen funds, jail sentences, and the confiscation of property to recover damages.

The National Prosecution Office has reported progress in these areas, with revised laws ensuring that convicted individuals cannot simply walk away with their ill-gotten gains. “People used to believe they could embezzle funds, serve their time, and still enjoy the spoils,” noted Aimable Havugiyaremye, the Prosecutor General. “But that era is over.”

In the last five years, over Rwf 5 billion has been recovered from a total of Rwf 6 billion lost to corruption. Rwanda’s impressive ranking on the corruption index, both globally and within Africa, stands as a testament to these efforts.

However, as with any battle, the adversary adapts. Havugiyaremye acknowledged that some Rwandans have begun to use more sophisticated methods to amass wealth illegally, often registering assets in the names of relatives or employees.

Yet, investigative teams are honing their skills to identify and unravel these schemes, especially when conflicts of interest arise in property ownership. “Every person involved is considered a suspect,” he cautioned, emphasizing the seriousness with which such cases are treated.

Madeleine Nirere, the Ombudsman, echoed this sentiment, highlighting that the new wealth declaration law has made monitoring financial activities far more efficient than before. This progress, she noted, signifies that corruption cases now involve not only lower-level offenders but also high-ranking officials.

Rwanda's journey towards transparency and accountability is a testament to the power of community engagement in the fight against corruption. As citizens continue to play an active role in this endeavor, the country is not only fostering a culture of integrity but also setting a standard for others to follow.